Hammer mill



April 21, 1931. Q A JAWSON 1,801,604

HAMMER MILL Filed Aug. 25, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTDR H [Admiral m r0 x A, L I;

April 21, 1931.

Filed Aug.

C. A. JAMISON HAMMER MILL 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 6.

INVENTUR= [IA-Jamison,

April 21, 1931.

c. A. JAMISON 1,801,604

HAMMER MILL Filed Aug. 25, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Apr. 21 1931UNITED STATES PATIENT OFFICE CHARLES A. JAMISON, OF PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 PENNSYL- VANIA. CRUSHEB COMPANY, OFPHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORA- 'I'ION OF NEW YORK HAMMER MILLApplication filed August 25, 1928. Serial No. 302,108.

My invention relates to crushing structures of the character or typeknown as hammer mills, that is to say structures which involve asupporting base, a suitable housing or frame mounted thereon andenclosing a chamber receiving the material to be crushed and including acage or screen made up of suitable grate bars, a breaker plate (orplates), and a rotor structure carrying a series of hammers signed toact upon material to be crus ed. The machine is of massive and rigidcons action and is designed to receive what is known as steam shovelfeed; or the contents of a quarry car may be delivered into the hopperleading to the crushing zone.

One object of my invention is to provide means whereby the material tobe crushed may be retarded in its movement and temporarily supported ina position to be engaged by the hammers of the rotor structure in theiruprunning or overhead movement whereby large masses temporarilysupported may be reduced in size before passage to the main crushingzone.

A further object of my invention is to provide a series of grid barsprojecting partway into the hopper and partly across the path of feed;said grid bars partly overlying the roto; structure and serving astemporary rctarding means for the material to be crushed and the hammersof such rotor structure passing between said grid bars.

A further object of my invention is to provide one Wall of the hopper orfeed passage, which may he pivotally mounted, with projections which mayoccupy a relatively fixed position with respect to the ends of the gridars and may be arranged substantially opposite the same; suchprojections having stepped surfaces in some instances.

A further object of my invention is to provide the end wall of thehopper in the form of a wear plate member (or members) pivotallysupported by the side wall of the crusher structure and arranged to beprojected into the hopper and reduce the space between the hopper walland the ends of the grid bars, with means for holding said pivotallyhung wear plate member (or members) a in adjusted positions.

And a still further object of my invention is to provide means foradjusting the position of the grid bars relatively to the hammer circle.

These and other features of my invention, embodying various details ofconstruction making up the improved crushing structure, are more fullydescribed hereinafter; reference being had to the accompanying drawings,in which:

Figure 1 is a cross sectional elevation, more or less diagrammatic incharacter, illustrating hammer crushing means within the scope of myinvention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of a portion of the crushing structure,taken on the line II, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view on a slightly larger scale, illustrating a detail ofthe structure shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1, partly in section, illustrating afurther detail of my invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view illustrating a portion of the structure shownin Fig. 4 in another position,

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of a portion of the structure shown inFigs. 4 and 5.

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are fragmentary sectional views, more or lessdiagrammatic in character, illustratingmeans for effecting adjustment ofthe grid bars.

Fig. 8 is a view illustrating a detail of the construction shown in Fig.8, and

Fig. 10 is a view illustrating a detail of the adjusting mechanism shownin Fig. 9.

My invention involves a structure highly eflicient for the crushing ofmaterial by what may be termed uprunning hammers, that is to say,hammers which pass upwardly between the adjustable grid bars located inthe feed chute and in addition to the incremental breaking or crushingaction imparted to the material, tend to lift the same; therebyassisting in the dislodgement of the larger masses of material to becrushed and insuring proper reduction of the material subsequentlydelivered substantially by gravity into the path porarily of the hammersand which had been temretarded by the grid bars.

M improved structure may comprise a base 1, supporting a frame orhousing in dicated generally at 1, which may be made of structural metaland/r heavy cast parts, suitably secured together and supporting thevarious elements making up the crushing structure, and more particularlyreferred to hereinafter. A screen or cage 2, made up of arcuate sidemembers 3, supporting a series of bars 4, is disposed in the lowerportion of the casing; such screen or cage as a whole being pivotallymounted on a shaft 5 at one end of the machine, and adjustably supportedat the opposite end; preferably by chains 6, passing over pinions 7carried by a shaft 8, which chains may be adjusted as desired to elevateor lower the right hand end of the cage or screen by imparting rotativemovement to said shaft 8. The bars 4 may be of the tvpe illustrated inthe patent of George W. Borton, No. 1,624,886, Apr. 12, 1927, or likethose shown in the co-pending application of Oscar Anderson. The shaft 5supporting the left hand end of the cage or screen, as illustrated inthe drawings, may be of an adjustable type, such as illustrated in thepatent of Charles R. Rouse, No. 1,695,562, Dec. 18, 1928.

Within the crushing chamber provided by I such cage or screen and abovethe latter a sus hammer-carrying rot-or structure is mounted,

which may comprise a shaft 10, journaled in P suitable bearings 11; endplates 12; a series of disks 13 arranged between said end plates; rods14 extending longitudinally of the rotor structure and passing throughsaid disks and secured to said end plates, and hammers 15 which arepivotally hung on said rods. Rd tor structures of this general type arewell known in the art and the hammers may be of any suitable type,preferably of massive and heavy construction, which may have renewabletips in order that wear may be compensated for and fresh tips suppliedwithout removing the shanks of the hammers from the nsion rods 14. hechute or hopper into which the material to be crushed may be deliveredis indicated generally at 20, and is substantially like that shown inthe co-pending application of George VI. Borton, filed August 25, 1928,Serial No. 302,080; having a curved breaker member 21, which may bepivotally connected to the shaft 5; such member forming one end of thecrusher structure and constituting one wall of the hopper. .In orderthat thefeed of such material into the crushing zone may be retarded toa certain extent and the desired reduction by the hammers insured, a

series of grid bars 25, may be supported by a portion 26 of the frameextending across the machine adjacent to the bottom of the hopper; saidgrid. bars being connected in spaced relation to a plate 27 extendingacross the machine, and said grid bars and'plate may be pivotallysupported by a shaft 28 which may extend across the machine and bejournalecl in the side walls of the same. Such arrangement permitsadjustment of said grid bais on the shaft 28 with respect to the path ofthe hammers. Various forms of means for effecting such adjustment may beemployed, some of which are illustrated in Figs. 7 8, and 9, moreparticularly referred to hereinafter.

These grid bars may be of cantilever type and may extend substantiallyhalfway across the lower part of the hopper or chute, or any: otherdistance that will insure the desired function. They lie in suchposition as to temporarily support the larger masses of material to becrushed by the hammers 15, which move in the direction of the arrow a,and permit gradual nipping and incremental reduction of the largermasses supported by said grid bars in the uprunning or overhead movementof said hammers before passage to the lower crushing zone for furtheraction by said hammers 15, cooperating with the bars 4 of the cage orscreen.

On the opposite curved wall 21 of the hopper or feed chute, a series ofrelatively fixed wear lates may be secured, indicated at 30, 31 and 32.For the purpose of assisting in the temporary support of the material tobe crushed, additional retarding means may be rovided and one of theseplates, that indicated at 31 for instance, may be provided with a seriesof spaced projections 35, which may have stepped side walls 35, asclearly shown in Fig. 3. These projections may be dis posed in line withthe ends of the grid bars or set in any manner with respect to the samethat may be desired in order to perform the desired function. Theposition of these projections is such that they afford additional meansfor retarding elivery of large masses of material to be crushed andpermit the same to be acted upon by the hammers during their movementthrough the u per arc of their path of movement. Instead of ar- -rangingthese pro ections 35 in the position indicated by full lines, Fig. 1,they may be arranged as indicated by the broken lines in said figure;the lower set being indicated for support by the wear plate shown at 32.

In Figs. 4, 5 and 6, I have indicated a form of supplemental retardingmeans for the material undergoin crushing, involving a pivotall hungbrea 'er plate carried by the side wal s of the crusher structure; beingdisposed above and cooperating with the breaker member pivotallysupported by the shaft 5. In this arrangement, the member mounted on theshaft 5, indicated at 21, is much shorter than the member 21, shown inFi 1. Like that element it is secured to the si e wall of the crusherstructure; bolts 36 being justing the position of these indicated forsuch purpose. The supplemental and pivotally supported retarding memberis indicated at and may be carried by a cross shaft or rod 41, supportedby the side walls of the crusher structure. This member 40, whose innerface forms substantially a part of the hopper wall, may conform to thecurve of the member 21, shown in Fig. 1, (as well as the member 21) andsuch member 40 may carry wear plates 42. The lower end of the member 40ma be flanged as indicated at 40*, and is movable as a whole withrespect to a curved seat formed by the upper portion of the member 21.The member 40 is adapted to be projected into the hopper space, asindicated by dotted lines, Fig. 4, and full lines Fig. 5, and it may beheld in adjusted positions by means of bolts, set screws, or the like,indicated at 43 and carried by the side walls of the structure andadapted for operative engagement with the slotted arms 44 of said member40. The seat carried by the member 21 is preferably provided with a stop45, limiting the rearward movement of the memberAO; such stop beingdetachably held in place by a bolt (or bolts 46) and permitting removalfor the placement of other sto members such as indicated at Fig. 5, wich may be employed when said member 40 is projected into the hopperspace, in order that proper support may be afforded. The len th of thesefiller members, 45 or 45, will epend upon the extent which said member40 is projected into the hopper space.

The rid bars may be of any suitable numher and they are arranged to liebetween the paths of the hammers. They may be connected to the plate 27which extends across and forms part of the bottom of the hopper, bymeans of bolts 27 Various means of adid bars on their supporting shaft28 an positioning their ends vertically with respect to the path of thehammers may be provided, and in Figs. 7, 8 and 9 I have illustratedseveral forms of mechanism which may be employed for effecting thedesired adjustment. Other and equivalent means are within the scope ofmy invention.

In Fig. 7, I have shown what may be termed fixed adjustment means,comprising a wedge or shim 50 introduced between the grid bars and theportion 26 of the frame. The introduction of such wedge tends to raisethe ends of the grid bars with respect to the hammer circle; said barsswingin on the shaft 28,

and wedges of various t icknesses (one of which is shown by dottedlines) may be employed so as to increase or decrease the amount ofadjustment, as may be desired. By preference, such wedges are retainedin p ace by set screws 51.

In the arrangement shown in Fi 8, provision is made for variable wedgeadjustment.

In this instance, the several grid bars are provided with rockinbearings 53, engaging complemental mem ers 54, both of which are carriedby the frame 26. Bothof these members are adjustable along the undersides of the grid bars, and may be held in such adjusted position bymeans of a set screw engaging the frame portion 26, and having lock nuts56. The lower member 54 is provided with a concave surface adapted toreceive the convex upper member 53,,directly underlying the ends 25 ofthe grid bars. These members are adjustable as a whole with respect tothe grid bars and frame and may be held in such adjusted positions by asuitable bolt 57 supported by the portion 26 of the frame; both of thewedge members meetin on the curved surface indicated and being s ottedat 53 and 54 for the passa e of the bolt 57 which occupies a relativelyed position.

In Fig. 9 adjusting means are shown in the form of cams 59, which may becarried by a shaft 60, extending across the frame of the machine andsupported by the side walls thereof; such shaft carrying a series ofspaced cams 59 with high and low points for direct engagement with thegrid bars, as shown in Fig. 10. In this arrangement the cam shaft maycarry a. worm wheel 61 at one end for engagement by a worm 62, carriedby a shaft 63, which may be actuated by a suitable hand wheel 64. In thearrangements shown in Figs. 7, 8 and '9, the plate 27 is shown as keyedat 27 to the several grid bars.

In my improved hammer crusher, as in that illustrated in the co-pendingapplication of George W. Borton, before referred to a. tramp iron pocketmay be arranged at the right hand side of the machine, just above thescreen, as indicated at 65.

It will be understood, of course, that the wall of the machine will beprovided with wear plates and that shedding members will be carried bythe side frames of the cage below the end plates of the hammer-carryinrotor and designed to shed or direct materia being crushed into the pathof the hammers and through the spaces between the grate bars of the cageor screen.

It will be understood, of course, that the inner walls of the crusherstructure will be provided with wear plates and that shedding memberswill be carried by the side members 3 of the cage or screen adjacent theend plates of the hammer-carrying rotor structure and designed to shedor direct the material being crushed into the path of the hammers fordischarge through the spaces between the rate bars 4. The sheddingmembers emp oyed in the present arrangement, clearly indicated at 66 inFigs. 1 and 2, are wideenough to lie behind the end plates 12 of therotor structure and insure diversion ef material into the crushing zoneand at the same time prevent discharge of material at the sides of thecrusher structure. As in the Borton structure referred to, the

feed chute cuts into the uprunning hammer V circle at a point below thehigh point of the same, in other words, the uprunning hammers have anopportunity of impacting the material on an upgrade for a considerablearc of the hammer circle, before the center or highest part of thehammer circle is reached.

I claim:

1. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a cage having a series of grate bars defining the bottom ofsaid crushing chamber, a pivotal support for said cage, a feed hopperdelivering into said crushing chamber, a rotor structure within thecrushing chamber, hammers carried by said rotor structure, a pivotallymounted curved breaker plate forming one wall of the hopper and overhaning said rotor, and a series of retarding pro ect1ons detachably mountedon the face of said breaker plate. I

2. A hammer crusher comprising a frame having a crushing chamber and ahopper delivering into said crushing chamber, a series of spaced barsextending partway across the lower end of said hopper and serving toretard the feed, a rotor within the crushin chamber, and hammers carriedthereby an arranged to pass between said grid bars to reduce thematerial undergoing treatment before it reaches the crushing chamber.

3. A hammer crusher comprising a frame having a crushing chamber and ahopper delivering into said crushing chamber, a series of spaced gridbars extending partway across the lower end of said hopper and servingto retard the feed, means for adjusting the position of said grid bars,and rotatin hammers arran ed to pass between said grid bars to reduce te material undergoing treatment before it reaches the crushing chamber.

4. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a

ivotally supported cage mounted in the ower portion of said crushingchamber, a

' hopper delivering into said crushing chamber, breaker plates liningthe lower portion of said hopper, and rounded projections carried by oneof said breaker plates for retarding delivery of the material to thecrushing chamber.

5. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a pivotally supported cage mounted in the lower portion of saidcrushing chamber, rotating hammers within said chamber, a hopperdelivering into said crushing chamber, breaker plates disposed in thelower portion of said hopper against which material will be thrown bythe hammers, projections carried by one of said breaker plates forretarding delivery of the material under treatment, and a grid supportfor the material being crushed and oppositely disposed with respect tosaid rojections; said hammers being arrange to pass through said gridsupport and engage and move material supported thereby toward thebreaker plate.

6. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a pivotally mounted cage forming a lower portion of saidcrushing chamber, a rotor mounted in said crushing chamber, hammerscarried by said rotor, and a series of cantilever bars forming retardingmeans above said rotor structure; said hammers being arranged to moveacross the crushing chamber between said bars and engage the material tobe crushed before the latter reaches the crushing chamber of the cage.

7. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a pivotally mounted cage forming the lower portion of saidcrushing chamber, a rotor mounted in said crushing chamber, hammerscarried by said rotor, and a series of adjustable bars forming retardingmeans and extending partway across the hopper portion of the crushingchamber; said hammers being arranged to move between said grid bars andengage the material to be crushed before it reaches the crushing chamberof the cage.

8. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a pivotally mounted cage formin the lower portion of saidcrushing cham er, a rotor mounted in said crushing chamber, hammerscarried by said rotor, a series of grid bars forming retarding meansextending partway across the crushing chamber, and means for adjustingsaid grid bars with respect to the hammer circle; said hammers beingarranged to move between said grid bars and engage the material to becrushed before the latter reaches the crushing chamber of the cage.

9. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber and a. hopper leading thereto, a pivotally mounted cage formingthe lower portion of said crushing chamber, a rotor mounted in saidcrushing chamber, hammers carried by said rotor, a series of grid barsforming retarding means and extending partway across the hopper portionof the crusher chamber; said hammers being arranged to move across thehopper portion of the crushing chamber between said grid bars and engagethe material to be crushed before it reaches the crushing chamber of thecage, a breaker plate formin part of the wall of said hopper oppositesai bars, and retarding projections carried by said breaker plate saidcombined retarding means serving to slow the feed and ermit delivery ofmaterial to the crushing c amber in such specification.

CHARLES A. JAMISON.

